Fig. 4. State 3, ATP synthesis and ATP hydrolysis activities in mitochondria isolated from the indicated strains. Strains were grown in rich galactose medium at 28 °C. Oxygen consumption rates were measured after consecutively adding 4 mM NADH and 150 µM ADP (state 3). The rates of ATP synthesis were determined using 4 mM NADH and 750 µM ADP in the presence/absence of 20 µg of oligomycin/mg of protein. For ATPase activity, mitochondria kept at -80 °C were thawed, and the reaction was performed in the absence of osmotic protection at pH 8.4. The error bars represent standard errors calculated from at least three independent experiments, and the p values were calculated versus the wild-type control or the single mutants where indicated. In the case of ATP hydrolysis activity, p values are related to oligomycin resistant activity.